Safety · Destination Guide
UNESCO protected big animal hotspot on Brazil's Atlantic frontier
Updated Nov 21, 2025 • 15 sources
Noronha is generally safe from a crime perspective, with a small resident population and tight control on visitor numbers. The main risks are environmental: powerful surf, currents, sun exposure and the logistical challenges of a remote island with limited medical capacity. At the same time, the archipelago is one of Brazil's conservation flagships, with a national marine park, Environmental Protection Area and strict rules about what visitors can and cannot do on land and underwater.
Local dive operators run conservative profiles and the island now hosts a hyperbaric chamber adjacent to Hospital Sao Lucas, supported by partnerships between the administration, dive businesses and organizations such as DAN. Even so, evacuation to Recife or Natal is required for serious trauma or complex cases, and weather can delay flights. Stick to no decompression recreational limits unless properly trained, plan gas with generous reserves and respect briefings about current and swell, especially at Outer Sea pinnacles and deep sites like Corveta Ipiranga. Use an SMB, stay close to your group and remember that search and rescue capacity is limited compared to more developed regions.
Hospital Sao Lucas on the main island provides basic emergency care and coordinates use of the hyperbaric chamber for decompression illness. Pharmacy stock and specialist services are limited, so bring personal medications in sufficient quantity and a copy of any prescriptions. For serious illness or injury, air evacuation to Recife or Natal is the usual path. Standard travel insurance rarely covers dive accidents fully, so divers should carry specialized coverage that includes hyperbaric treatment and medical evacuation. For minor issues like sunburn, cuts or mild infections, local clinics and pharmacies are usually adequate, but expect slower service than in big cities.
Powerful surf and shore break
Beaches like Cacimba do Padre, Boldro and Conceicao can have strong shore break and rip currents in surf season. Always check warnings, watch the sets before entering and choose calmer alternatives like Porto or Sueste if waves look heavy.
Remote island with limited medical capacity
Noronha has a small hospital and a hyperbaric chamber, but complex cases need evacuation to Recife or Natal. This remoteness makes travel and dive insurance essential and is a strong reason to dive conservatively, avoid excessive alcohol and manage dehydration carefully.
Strict environmental rules and fines
Rangers enforce bans on feeding wildlife, using regular sunscreen in tidal pools, standing on coral or entering restricted zones. Fines can be significant and you may be removed from an activity, so treat all briefings seriously and follow the lead of certified guides.
Heat, sun and limited shade
Daytime temperatures and UV index stay high all year, and many beaches lack natural shade. Without careful hydration, sun protection and pacing, heat exhaustion or sunburn can quickly ruin a trip.
Fernando de Noronha is split between a no take Marine National Park and a surrounding Environmental Protection Area where residents live under strict rules. Fishing, spearfishing and collecting shells or corals are prohibited in park waters. Many natural pools require life jackets, prohibit fins and ban sunscreen entirely, and rangers enforce rules against standing on the bottom or touching wildlife. Single use plastics are heavily restricted and visitor numbers are capped annually. A new Noronha Verde solar program aims to shift the island's power grid away from diesel in the coming years, further reducing environmental footprint. As a visitor, you contribute by following ICMBio instructions, choosing reef safe products, minimizing waste and supporting conservation focused operators and programs like Projeto Tamar and Golfinho Rotador.
Do Not Do This
Avoid entering when powerful surf and shore break. Confirm local briefings before committing.
| Contact | Role | Phone | Availability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emergency medical services (SAMU) | Ambulance and pre hospital care across Brazil, including Fernando de Noronha | 192 | 24/7 |
| Fire and sea rescue (Corpo de Bombeiros) | Fire, maritime rescue and cliff incidents | 193 | 24/7 |
| Military Police | Police and public safety | 190 | 24/7 |