Eel

Eels are eel-shaped, ray-finned fishes of the order Anguilliformes, mostly marine predators with complex larval-to-adult development.

Anguilliformes (true eels)

Last Updated Mar 9, 2026 · 3 sources

Species Guide

What to know about eels

A clean field guide focused on habitat, identification, behavior, and conservation context without burying the useful parts.

Eels are ray-finned fishes in the order Anguilliformes, comprising eight suborders, 20 families, 164 genera and about 1,000 species. They undergo considerable development from an early larval stage to the adult form and are usually predators. The common name "eel" is also applied to unrelated eel-shaped fishes such as electric eels (genus Electrophorus), swamp eels (order Synbranchiformes), and deep-sea spiny eels (family Notacanthidae). Most eels are marine, but some taxa have different life histories: the catadromous genus Anguilla and the freshwater moray spend much of their life in freshwater, the rice-paddy eel spawns in freshwater, and the freshwater snake eel Stictorhinus is freshwater-associated. Deep-sea spiny eels (Notacanthiformes) are the sister clade to true eels.

Most eels are marine, but some taxa have different movement and life-history patterns: the genus Anguilla is catadromous (migrating between freshwater and the sea), some species like the rice-paddy eel spawn in freshwater, and other taxa (e.g., freshwater moray, Stictorhinus) spend much of their life in freshwater.

Eels are usually predators.

The strongest linked planning options currently surface around destinations such as Bequia, Poor Knights Islands, Caye Caulker and countries such as New Zealand, Belgium, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines for divers building trips around eels.

Identification

How to identify eels

The visual markers divers can use underwater, plus the species most likely to cause confusion.

Key identification markers

Body shape

Eel-shaped, elongated body typical of Anguilliformes and other eel-like fishes.

Taxonomic placement

True eels are ray-finned fishes in the order Anguilliformes.

Development

Marked development from an early larval stage to the adult form.

Feeding

Generally predators.

Common lookalikes

Electric eels (Electrophorus)

Eel-shaped but belong to a different genus and are not true eels.

Swamp eels (order Synbranchiformes)

Eel-shaped fishes from an unrelated order.

Deep-sea spiny eels (family Notacanthidae)

Eel-shaped deep-sea fishes in Notacanthiformes, the sister clade to true eels.

Range and Movement

How eels move through the world

The broad range, seasonal movement, or migratory behavior that shapes where divers encounter this species.

Most eels are marine, but some taxa have different movement and life-history patterns: the genus Anguilla is catadromous (migrating between freshwater and the sea), some species like the rice-paddy eel spawn in freshwater, and other taxa (e.g., freshwater moray, Stictorhinus) spend much of their life in freshwater.

Diet

What eels tend to eat

Useful feeding context that often explains habitat, movement, and encounter style.

Eels are usually predators.

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Responsible Encounters

How to dive with eels

Conservation-minded guidance for divers who want the encounter without adding pressure.

Give eel space, avoid blocking the animal's path, and follow local site and operator rules for wildlife interactions with saltwater fishes.

Field Notes

Interesting things worth knowing

Useful species context that makes the encounter more meaningful once you are underwater.

Field notes

Diversity

True eels include about 1,000 species across 20 families and 164 genera.

Name usage

The common name "eel" is also applied to several unrelated eel-shaped fishes.

Sister clade

Deep-sea spiny eels (Notacanthiformes) are the sister clade to true eels.

Top Destinations

Top destinations to see eels

Destinations surfaced from the linked dive spots associated with this species.

Top Countries

Top countries for eels

The strongest country-level starting points currently linked to this species.

Top Dive Spots

Top dive spots for eels

Directly linked dive spots where this species already shows up in the planning data.

Cosmeston dive spot

Cosmeston

Flooded quarry dive with shallow rock piles and weed.

4.0
2 dives
🏖️
AccessEasy entry
Marine LifeSome life
FacilitiesBasic facilities
CrowdVery quiet
San Pedro Canyons - Belize dive spot

San Pedro Canyons - Belize

Boat-access canyon dive in front of San Pedro Town.

4.2
5 dives
AccessSimple entry
CoralHealthy coral
Marine LifeExceptional variety
CrowdVery quiet
Aldebaran Wreck dive spot

Aldebaran Wreck

Aldebaran Wreck is a deep wreck dive off Mahé.

Altenburg, Aquarium dive spot

Altenburg, Aquarium

A lightly documented scuba dive site in Germany that needs local confirmation.

🏖️
Alter Aarelauf dive spot

Alter Aarelauf

A low-key Swiss shore dive with a freshwater, easygoing feel.

🏖️
Angel City (44) dive spot

Angel City (44)

Double-reef shore dive with a wide sand channel and coral arches.

🏖️

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Clear planning and conservation answers written for search visibility and AI retrieval.

Research Sources

Eel information sources

Primary and credible references behind the field-guide and conservation claims on this page.

Sources 3Last Updated
www.fws.gov · Reference · fws.gov

Supporting wildlife source.

Eel · Encyclopedia · Wikipedia

Supporting wildlife source.

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